SURGICAL PROCEDURES OF GUM DISEASES
FLAP SURGERY
It is also termed as “pocket reduction surgery,” as its main motto is to reduce as much as possible the pathological deepening of the gingival sulcus, as its optimal depth is between 2 to 3 mm, and, being so, it is easy to maintain, but as it starts to increase in depth, it creates much difficulty in maintaining it, thereby resulting in the continuous deposition of plaques and calculus, which further results in the destruction of gums and bone tissue.
Conventional methods could not be applied to remove the deposits completely than flap surgery is indicated in such cases.
In this procedure, gums are reflected, deposits are removed, root planing is done, and again gums are lifted back in position and sutured to attain the new attachment between gums and root surface, i.e., the pocket depth is reduced.
BONE GRAFTING
- In case of severe destruction in periodontitis defects are visible radiographically and clearly visualize after flap reflection. In such cases Bone Grafting is done. Bone grafting is done using various types of bone grafts-autogenous bone grafts, synthetic bone grafts, allografts.
Amongst these grafts autogenous bone grafting is the best as it's from individuals own body so not having any allergic reaction. It is having maximum regenerative capacity as compare to other graft materials. Bone grafting is done simultaneously with the flap surgery.
RECESSION & COVERAGE
- Gums, which move towards the root in the apical direction from the margins of the gums, is called recession. Denudation of the roots happens due to recession, and as a result of this, sensitivity and ugly smiles can originate.
Recession happens because of gum disease, traumatic brushing, or frenum pull. If it remains untreated, even it can cause permanent damage to the tooth and can cause tooth loss as well in some cases. In order to avoid such problems, surgeries during a period of recession are planned as per the condition without the etiologic factor, so that it does not recur.
Recession Coverage Surgeries Are Done In Various Ways:
Coronally Advanced Flap Surgery
In this procedure, a flap is created and post-debridement, it is returned to closely align with the root surface by moving it coronally (toward the tooth side).
Laterally Repositioned Flap
This method closely resembles the previously discussed approach, with the sole distinction being the repositioning of the flap from the neighboring tooth to shield the exposed root area.
Soft Tissue Grafting
This tissue is obtained from the palatal (roof) section of the patient's mouth, and the graft is positioned in the area of recession through a minor surgical technique, supplying additional tissue to the lacking area. This procedure is performed alongside traditional flap surgery.
Guided Tissue Regeneration
As indicated by the title, this procedure facilitates the restoration of bone and gum tissues. This method often occurs alongside flap surgery. During this operation, a barrier membrane is placed between the gum and bone surface, promoting the regeneration of both soft and hard tissues.
GINGIVECTOMY
Gingivectomy – this includes the excision of the gums. As the gums grow due to my factors such as in gum diseases due to deposition of calculus, drug-induced, i.e., due to some medications used for treatment of epilepsy, hypertension, etc., the gums become large, which affects the aesthetics and function of the teeth. It can be performed by using laser and scalpel methods. The procedure of gingivectomy is done to improve the aesthetic value of teeth.
GINGIVOPLASTY
This procedure is almost similar to Gingivectomy, with an basic difference that, in this procedure, gum is not removed. In this, the gum is reshaped using laser, making it suitable for aesthetics, which gets interfered with due to gum disease or use of medicine. It is done using a laser, making it comfortable.
CROWN LENGHTHENING
There is a reduction in clinical crown length due to fractures of teeth or decay, since for the restoration of the tooth, a certain amount of height of the clinical crown is needed to organize retention to the prosthetic crown. For this, crown lengthening is done, during which excessive gum tissue is eliminated with the aid of a Laser for increasing the height of the clinical crown. At times, surgical lengthening is also needed.
RIDGE AUGMENTATION
As the name suggests, it is a procedure, i.e., ridge/bone gets resorbed due to gum disease or edentulous spaces. It is done by augmenting the width of the bone/ridge so that prosthesis can be done in the future. To overcome the problem of resorption, grafting is done. In this procedure, under local anesthesia, reflection of the flap is done in an area, as well as grafting, then bone graft is done, followed by membrane, and then approximation and suture. Instructions are given. Your gum has to be kept in charge to ensure your teeth get rooted properly. As a patient undergoing gum treatment, you as a patient would not like to take any chances in your gum or dental problem. Hence, as a patient, you must ensure your gum is treated by an expert/reputed Periodontist. We at Curifydental are committed to provide the "BEST GUMS TREATMENT IN SOUTH DELHI".
